What pathogens are typically researched at BSL-3?

Research conducted at Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) is specifically designed to handle pathogens that can cause serious or potentially lethal diseases in humans or animals. This level of containment is necessary due to the risk associated with these agents, which may be transmitted through inhalation and can lead to severe health outcomes. BSL-3 laboratories implement stringent safety measures, such as specialized ventilation systems, controlled access, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect researchers and prevent the accidental release of these pathogens.

Working with serious pathogens requires careful consideration of their modes of transmission and potential impact on public health. This focus on high-risk agents is what defines the BSL-3 classification, allowing researchers to study diseases like tuberculosis, certain strains of the flu, and other infectious agents that pose significant health threats without compromising safety.

In contrast, agents that are easily treated with medication, non-infectious biological materials, and low-pathogenicity viruses do not necessitate the same level of containment and can be managed in lower biosafety levels (BSL-1 or BSL-2), where risk levels are deemed more manageable.